The days of traditional trains and railroad tracks may be long gone.
When transportation officials asked for mass-transit models connecting
the Front Range to mountain ski resorts, industry experts came back with designs
for elevated guideway systems, powered by magnets, electricity and air, that can
travel hundreds of miles per hour, ferry cars or transport passengers in
individual cars summoned with smartphones.
“We're looking at the full
range of qualified technologies for the corridor,” stated Division of Transit
and Rail director Mark Imhoff in a release from the Colorado Department of
Transportation.
Eight private companies presented distinct models for
advanced guideway systems (AGS) — the modern-day equivalent of a previous
generation's rail line — at a technology forum Thursday in Jefferson County. Two
other firms have also submitted plans that meet CDOT's criteria for the
corridor.
Though different, all of the systems are clean, safe, fast and
designed to traverse the Rocky Mountains.
“I flew in from Pittsburgh,”
said Colorado MagLev Group project manager David O'Loughlin, whose company is
proposing an energy-efficient magnetic levitation rail system. “The idea would
be, I have my skis with me on the plane. They just put them on the MagLev
vehicle and I can be in Vail in an hour. That's possible with this
technology.”
Other technology providers, like SkyTran, are proposing
personalized rapid transit systems that would transport smaller groups of people
on demand rather than on a schedule.
“SkyTran is a point-to-point
transit system,” SkyTran CEO Paul Williamson said. “It only goes at the time you
need it, 24/7. You get on a vehicle and say, ‘I want to go to 10th and
Broadway,' and it takes you from that point to 10th and Broadway. You don't have
to wait for anybody else.”
The computer-controlled system, powered by
solar and hydrogen, would be able to transport passengers from the Front Range
to Keystone in 45 minutes.
Another model re-envisions the century-old
suspended rail car, combining passenger coaches with on-demand personal
vehicles. Another would combine passenger trains with a vehicle transport
component, allowing drivers to park their car on the system and be jetted up to
the mountains at a rate of 125 mph.
Built for Colorado
All of the AGS
models presented Thursday are designed to handle the specific challenges —
including steep grades and extreme weather — of the I-70 mountain corridor while
traveling faster than a car.
Some systems are designed to follow the
highway, or within CDOT right-of-ways eliminating the need to acquire additional
land. Most feature elevated systems, curbing environmental impacts and making
the systems better able to handle snow, wind and ice than traditional train
models.
Most of them are also far less expensive than existing rail
systems.
But transportation officials aren't signing any contracts yet.
“None of us have extra money right now,” CDOT rail manager David
Krutsinger said. “If we're going to use taxpayer dollars we have to be very sure
that what we're buying on behalf of the public is a good use of money.”
While firms are proposing public-private partnerships, best estimates
indicate ticket sales for an AGS would only cover operational expenses, leaving
taxpayers on the hook for several billion dollars in construction costs,
officials said.
CDOT's annual budget for the entire state, by
comparison, is $1 billion.
With the help of the private sector, CDOT
officials are looking to develop possible funding strategies and determine the
likelihood of raising the money for an AGS next year.
Visions of transit
The name: American
Maglev Transit
The concept: An optimized maglev (elevated) system that
uses electric linear induction propulsion. The system is able to traverse steep
grades in wintery conditions using frictionless traction. Cars will carry
roughly 200 passengers.
The price tag: $19-$25 million per
mile
The speed: Designed to travel at an average speed of 76 miles per
hour. Total travel time from Golden to Eagle County Regional Airport is roughly
2 hours 13 minutes.
The edge: The system will be designed with airplane
amenities in mind, rather than train service, according to developers. Only one
vehicle accelerates from the station at a time, minimizing spikes in power
consumption.
The name: Flight Rail's VECTORR
The concept: This
light-weight elevated transit system uses vacuum/air pressure to propel
passenger vehicles. The train operates without power.
The speed: Up to
200 mph on flat terrain; an estimated 100 mph on a 7 percent grade, like those
in the I-70 mountain corridor.
The edge: Cars lock onto the rail with
alloy steel wheels, allowing the train to take sharp curves at a high rate of
speed. The wheels are also designed not to use traction, allowing the system to
accelerate faster and handle steep hills more efficiently.
The name:
General Atomics/Colorado Maglev Group
The concept: The system uses maglev
technology and track-mounted power source to move elevated train cars. But the
track uses power only in the sections where the vehicle is located, reducing
energy consumption as well as wear-and-tear on the system itself, developers
said.
The price tag: $58 million per mile
The speed: 150
mph
The edge: The model is based on $40 million in federal and privately
funded research, and similar technology is being used to power planes for the
Navy. A $14-million test track of the system has been constructed in California
and proved to work.
The name: MegaRail's MegaWay System
The
concept: An elevated multi-purpose system that electrically powers a family of
rubber-tired vehicles, which would operate similarly to road vehicles on
traditional highways.
The price tag: $20 million per mile for a starter
system
The speed: 120 miles per hour
The edge: Some train vehicles
are designed to carry pedestrian passengers, others freight and others, through
a lock-in system, private cars with the drivers still sitting inside them.
The name: Public Personal Rapid Transit Consortium
The concept:
A system featuring elevated pod-cars, holding up to four adults each, propelled
on a fixed guideway by an air-lifting mechanism integrated with magnetic
induction propulsion. The cushion of the air generated underneath the pod car
takes the place of maintenance-intensive wheels, according to developers.
The price tag: $24 million per mile
The speed: Up to 200 miles
per hour.
The edge: The system is described by designers as an
on-demand, non-stop high-speed transportation system. Cars wait at stations to
take passengers directly to their destinations.
The name: SkyTran
The concept: The system uses an automated transit network to provide
non-stop, point-to-point service in two-passenger vehicles on an elevated track.
The price tag: $15 million per mile
The speed: Up to 150 mph
The edge: Developers say the system will leverage smartphone technology
for payment as well as calls for on-demand service
The name: Swift Tram,
Inc's Suspended Coach Automated Rapid Transit
The concept: A new take on
the existing model of a hanging train, the electric-powered system would employ
a combination of standard scheduled train service with on-demand pod service.
The speed: Average speed of 80 mph
The edge: A faster system than
existing model that is better able to sense changing weather conditions than its
predecessors. Hanging cars are able to travel faster in a network system,
according to developers.